This uniform, or consistent, method to developing a paper or assignment allows for easy reading. It was developed as a means for researchers, students, and scholars in the literature and language fields to uniformly format their papers and assignments. The work improves the understanding of the nature of 3-s ULF waves and the associated wave-particle interaction.The Modern Language Association (MLA) is an organization responsible for developing MLA format. Secondary waves are generated within the ULF waveforms, including whistler waves near half of the electron cyclotron frequency, high-frequency electrostatic waves, and magnetosonic whistler waves. The ULF wave leads to electron heating, preferentially in the direction perpendicular to the local magnetic field. During the same wave stage, the backstreaming beam ions gain energy from the transverse wave fields and get deceleration along B 0 by the longitudinal electric field. During the stage when ULF waves have sinusoidal waveforms up to |dB|/|B 0| ~ 3, where dB is the wave magnetic field and B0 is the background magnetic field, the wave electric fields perpendicular to B 0 do negative work to solar wind ions along B 0, a longitudinal electric field develops, but the V × B force is stronger and leads to solar wind ion deceleration. The interaction between the wave and ions is analyzed using the phase relationship between the transverse wave fields and ion velocities and more » using the longitudinal momentum equation. By combining the plasma rest frame wave properties obtained from multiple methods with the instability analysis based on the velocity distribution in the linear wave stage, the ULF wave is determined to be due to the ion/ion nonresonant mode instability. In this work, we investigate the 3-s ULF waves using Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) observations. The nature of the 3-s ultralow frequency (ULF) wave in the Earth's foreshock region and the associated wave-particle interaction are not yet well understood. These observations support the conjecture that cross-field diffusion of magnetosheath plasma by wave particle interaction with these waves is the steady state source of the low-latitude boundary layer, and that pitch angle scattering and the consequential particle precipitation into the ionosphere is the mechanism for the dayside aurora. Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) OSTI Identifier: 1785390 Alternate Identifier(s): OSTI ID: 1785393 OSTI ID: 1816428 OSTI ID: 1845025 Grant/Contract Number: DESC0016278 DESC0020058 SC0016278 SC0020058 AGS-1619584 AGS-2010231 80NSSC18K1369 80NSSC19K0838 Resource Type: Published Article Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Additional Journal Information: Journal Name: Geophysical Research Letters Journal Volume: 48 Journal Issue: 11 Journal ID: ISSN 0094-8276 Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU) Country of Publication: United States Language: English Subject: 58 GEOSCIENCES collisionless shocks foreshock turbulence ion escape magnetopause reconnection magnetosheath planetary = and possible correlation with magnetic reconnection should be a principal feature in the model.
of Maryland, College Park, MD (United States) Sponsoring Org.: USDOE USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES).
Publication Date: Mon May 31 00:00: Research Org.: Univ. San Diego CA USA, Space Science Institute Boulder CO USA
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